Rinanin malware aika a kabuta
Virus
Te virus bon te file ae karaoaki ma te kantaninga ibukin te kan ioawa, ke mwakuri ni kakeru. Tabeua a kakai noraki irouia taan kabongana te kombiuta, ma angiia a karabaaki, ao a aki kona n noraki irouia taan kabongana te kombiuta. E mwaiti rinanin nako te virus. Te katoto teuana, te worm ae e kona n niniia taian kombiuta aika a kakai rotaki ao n rooti kombiuta ake tabeua rinanon te network. Te Trojan horse (ke bon te ‘Trojan’) bon te burokuraem ae e tara n aki urubwai ma e karabai ana mwakuri n urubwai. E kona n rinnako te virus n am bwai ni mwakuri n rabwatana ae te Trojan, ma e kona n kaabung imwain ewekan are imwina (te worm) ao ni karikia bwa te spyware.
Spyware
Te spyware bon rinanin te virus are e karaoaki bwa e na iraei rongorongon am mwakuri iaon am kombiuta ke tabeua riki bwai ni mwakuri. E mwaiti aia botoniango taan karaoa te spyware, riki bon te kareke mwane n te babaka n ikawai ke iraekin rongorongoia aomata. E kona te spyware ni karaoi mwakuri n ioawa aika a mwaiti, man karaoan katanoata aika a kaokaoti nakon iraeakin rongorongon am login ibukin am bangke ae e reke man rawean tamnein te website are ko kabongana ao tauan mwiin taian key ake ko kotei (e ataaki n arana ae keylogger). E kona naba te spyware n kaabung bon irouna. Rinanin te spyware ae e a tabangaki ae te Remote Access Trojan (RAT), are e karekea riniia taan iraa ke taan kamangao iaon te intanete bwa a aonga n kamwakuri taian bwai n mwakuri aika a rotaki mai kiraroa ao ni kabongana kanga ai aron te tia mwakuri ae iai kariakana. Aio naba are e kona ni kamwakuri taian webcam ao man tirotiroa aia mwakuri naake a kabongana te kombiuta.
Ransomware
Ramsomware bon rinanin te malware ae rang urubwai riki, are e boutokaia taian cybercriminals bwa a na kona n kaina te kombiuta ke bwai ni mwakuri riki tabeua mai kiraroa, ao man taumatoa te kabwakamwane ibukin ‘kaukana’. Kabwarabwaran riki te ransomware e kona n reke ikai.
Tabeua riki rinanin te malware bon rootkits, dishonest adware ao scareware.
A kanga n rotaki bwaai ni mwakuri
E kona te malware n roota am kombiuta ke bwaai ni mwakuri riki tabeua man aanga aikai:
- Kaukan bwaai aika a iri n te email ao a tia n rotaki n aron exe files.
- Kaukan files aika a tia n rotaki man aia website kambwana aika a karaai taian digital file (n aron HighTail (arana rimoa ae YouSendit), Dropbox).
- Kawaran taian website aika a babaka n ikawai, are ko kairaki nako iai man taian link aika a roko n te email ke katanoata iaon taabo n reitaki.
- Man kabonganan te intanete, ae e aki noraki iroun te tia kabongana te intanete (te katoto iaon aio bon worms).
- Taian macro aika a mena inanon taian application document (word process files, spreadsheets etc)
- Bwaai ni mwakuri aikai a toma n te USB (memory sticks, external hard drives, MP3 players, cameras).
- CDs/DVDs.
E kona te malware ni karekei kanganga aika a korakora n aron:
- Iraeakin rongorongoia aomata
- Te mwakuri n iraa
- Uruan inaomatan te aomata
- Te kimoa, kamaunaan ao / ke kamangaoan te data
- Aki irakin tuua ibukin kawakinan te data
- Te kombiuta ae e biri meere ao n aki kona ni kabonganaki.
Internet security software
E rang kakawaki bwa ko na kakaboua kamanoan am intanete (anti-virus,anti-malware software) bwa e aonga n mano raoi. E mirion mwaitia aekan nako te malware aika a kuneaki ni katoa ririki, bwa e aonga n kanganga atakin te kaokoro imarenaia malware aika a boou ma ake mai mwaaina. A bane n tatannako ma teia ke ‘kinakiia’ are e na buokia taan karaoa te internet security software n kinai ao n karaoi kamanoaia ae e boou. Angiin te internet security software a bon kakabouaki bon irouia (e aranaki bwa ‘definitions’) n angiin te tai, ti ngkana ko online ao n tia n kabwaka boon am subscription ibukin teuana te ririki (ibukin te bwai ae kakaboaki). Aio are e na buokiko n totokoi ana urubwai taian malware aika a boou.
E kona te software aio ni tuoi taian virus n anga aika a kakaokoro:
- E tuoi taian email ngkana iai taian virus aika a kairii
- E tutuoi taian file ngkana a uki ke a karaoaki n noria raoi bwa a aki rotaki n te virus
- E karaoa tain tutuo aika a tainaki ibukin taian file iaon am kombiuta. Tabeua internet security software a tuoi naba bwaai aika a toma n te USB (n aron memory sticks, external hard drives, MP3 players), inanon kabonganakia. Tabeua naba a kaoti taian website aika a kanamakinaki bwa a rotaki.
E aki kamanoko te internet security software man:
- Spam
- Rinanin nako te mwakuri n iraa ke n ioawa iaon te intanete ae e aki karioaki man te malware.
- E kataia te tia hack n rinnako n am kombiuta rinanon te intanete.
E aki kona ni mwakuri raoi te internet security software ngkana e kamateaki mwiina ke e aki kakabouaki nakon are te kabanea ni boou.
Rinean te internet security software
E rawata rinanin nako te internet security software ae ko kona ni kaboa, ma e bon nakon buburan am botaki ni mwakuri:
- Te antivirus/antispyware software aika a kona ni karekeaki n te bakete ke n ti ngaiia
Angiia taan kabonakoa te internet security software a kabonakoi taian burokuraem aika a ti tuoi taian virus, ao iai naba aika a mwaiti riki aia mwakuri n aron te firewall, raumeaan te spam, anti-spyware control ao raumeaan kanoan te intanete. A kona ni kaboaki antivirus/antispyware n te bakete n te boo ae materaoi nakoia bitineti. A riai n iri n te bakete bwaai ni kabane aika ko kainnanoi ibukin kamanoan am kombiuta, bwai ni reitaki ao bwai n itoman ni kabane man taian mwakuri n ioawa iaon te intanete, ao e boraoi riki nakon ae ko kaboa teuana imwin teuana.
Kareakea te internet security software ae e karaoaki bwa e na bebete katomakina, kabouakina ao tararuakina iaon bwaai ni mwakuri aika a mwaiti.
- Te internet security software ae akea boona
A mwaiti taian antivirus/antispyware aika akea boia – tabeua a kabonganaki ibukin te bitineti. N tabetai, software aika ‘akea booia’ a aki-roko n aekan te software are e kakaboaki ibukina bwa a kantaningaiko taan karaoa te software bwa ko na upgrade rimwi. Korakoran ana kamanomano e kona n titebo ma are e kakaboaki, ma e na bae n iai tian korakorana ke e na akea te buoka ngkana iai te kanganga ae e riki, ke e na memeere ana mwakuri tabeua, n aron babairean tain te full scan.
- E karinaki te Windows Defender software – ao e okira arona mai mwaina – inanon te Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7 ao Windows Vista. E karaoaki te Microsoft aio bwa e na totokoa, kanakoa ao tiringa te spyware ae e mena n te Microsoft Windows. E moan kinaki n arana ae te Microsoft AntiSpyware.
Tabeua taabo ni karaobwai ao ni kabonakoi bwaai a katauraoi security software aika a nako ma te kombiuta. Ko aki riai ni kabongana te security software are ko anganaki, ma ngkana ko iangoia bwa ko na kawakinna, tai mwaninga n subscribe imwain banen te trial bwa e aonga n teimatoa kabouakina.
Ko riai naba ni wareka aia kabwarabwara taan kabonakoa te security software imwain kabonganakin teuana te internet security software ma te aekaki riki teuana – a kona n aki mwakuri raoi ngkana e karaoaki aei
Te tabo ibukin karekean te internet security software
E kona n reke te internet security software man aia website taan kabonakoi software, taan bitineti n te kombiuta, tabeua titoa irarikin te kawai ao taabo ni kabobwai online. Ngkana ko kaboa n te titoa, ko na riai n karina te disk ao n download taian update man te intanete ngkana ko tuangaki. Ngkana ko bobwai online, ko kona n download te software are te kabanea ni boou ae e airi ma taian update ni kabane. Te internet security software ae e aki kaboaki are e kabwarabwaraki i eta, e tauraoi naba mai irouia tabeua Internet Service Providers (ISPs) ao bangke. E kona naba n anaaki te software ae e aki kaboaki man te intanete, ma taraia raoi bwa ko kabongana te website ae e onimakinaki.
Virus & spyware aika a mano
Irarikin karinakin te internet security software ao kakaboukina, aikai riki tabeua aanga aika a kaungaki ibukin kamanoan am kombiuta, bwaai n reitaki ao network man taian virus ao spyware. N tokin te tai, e bon rang n kakawaki riki te totoko nakon te bwainnaorakiaki.
- Tai kauki files aika a iri ma te email mai iroun te aomata ke te tabo ae ko aki kina, ko nanououa irouna ke ko aki onimakinna.
- Taratara raoi ngkana ko kabonganai bwaai aika a toma n te USB (n aron taian memory sticks, external hard drives, MP3 players) bwa a rang ataaki ae taan uota te virus.
- Taratara raoi ngkana ko kabonganai CD/DVD bwa a kona naba n uoti virus.
- Tai kauka te file mai irouia kambwana aika a kawakina ao ni kamwainga te file online n aron Hightail (ae ataaki ngkoa n arana ae YouSendlt) ao te Dropbox are e a tia ni katokaaki iroun te aomata ke te tabo ae ko aki kina, ko nanououa irouna ke ko aki onimakinna.
- Kamaiua te bwai n kamanomano man te macro n ana burokuraem te Microsoft Office n aron Word ke Excel.
- Ti karekei software aika a raoiroi rongorongoia mai irouia kambwana aika a onimakinaki.
- Bwaina te taratara raoi ngkana ko download software aika a aki kakaboaki.